Why I’m Not a Communist

Intro: Thought ki Freedom Sabse Badi Cheez Hai

Russell ne ek zabardast essay likha tha – Why I Am Not a Communist. Usmein unhone seedha seedha likha:

“Jahaan Communism hota hai, wahan Thought ki Liberty nahi hoti.”

Matlab agar tum Communist country mein ho aur tumhare vichar unse alag hain, toh ya toh tum jail jaoge, ya tumhe khamosh kar diya jayega. Russell ke liye freedom of opinion sabse badi value thi.

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Karl Popper ek Political Thinker the. Philosopher bhi the, par unka main kaam Political Philosophy aur Political Science ke field mein tha.

Unhone Communism aur Fascism — dono ko full power mein challenge kiya.

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📚 Karl Popper Ki Do Famous Books

1. The Open Society and Its Enemies (2 Volumes)

Is book mein Popper ne Plato aur Karl Marx dono ki dhajjiyan uda di.

Plato ne society ko elite aur non-elite mein divide kiya, jahan common log (helots) vote tak nahi de sakte.

Marx ke according, jab tak Communism nahi aata, Democracy possible hi nahi hai.

But Popper kehte hain:

“Communism khud ek Closed Society hai. Wahan sirf ek ideology allowed hai. Open Society ka matlab hota hai – sabko bolne ka right ho.”

2. The Poverty of Historicism

Is book mein Popper ne Marx ke “history ka ek fixed path hai” theory ko totally reject kiya.

Marx kehte the – sab kuch Economic Forces se decide hota hai. Pehle hunting stage, fir agriculture, fir feudalism, fir capitalism, aur finally communism.

But Popper bolte hain:

“Bhai, history koi train ki line nahi hai. Usme curve bhi hote hain, detours bhi.”

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🔥 Open Society vs Closed Society

Communism mein:

• Ek hi ideology allowed hoti hai
• Opposition ko jail ya Siberia bhej diya jata hai
• Public ko pata hi nahi hota ki vote kya aur kis liye diya ja raha hai

Lekin America jaise liberal democracies mein:

• Opposing party ka leader bhi Parliament mein Leader of the Opposition kehlata hai
• Usko Minister jaisa respect milta hai

Toh real Democracy woh hai jahan har kisi ko bolne ka haq ho.

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Russell aur Mill ka Message: Bolne Do Sabko

John Stuart Mill ne kaha tha:

“Agar koi aadmi bewakoofi wali baat bhi karta hai, toh bhi usko bolne do. Public samajhdaar hai, decide kar legi ki kya sahi hai.”

Yani, jab tak freedom of expression hai, society evolve kar sakti hai.

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✝️🕌🛕 Faith ki Freedom bhi Zaroori Hai

Walter Kolarz ne bola:

“Faith ke bina aadmi jee nahi sakta. Religion ko hataoge toh Communism khud khatam ho jaayega.”

Faith koi fixed form nahi hai — kisi ka Allah mein vishwas hai, kisi ka Buddha mein, kisi ka Jesus ya Ram mein. Sabka apna perspective hai. Isko force se khatam karna natural nahi hai.

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📉 Marx Ki Theory Ka Ground Reality Mein Fail Hona

Marx kehte the:

• Revolution Industrial societies mein hoga – jaise England, America

But kya hua?

• England aur America mein Communism kabhi aya hi nahi
• Communism aya toh Russia mein – jahan log industrially backward the

Toh Popper ne dikhaya:

“History Marx ke formula se nahi chalti. Usne Marx ki ‘Poverty of Historicism’ dikhayi – yaani Marx ki history theory hi gareeb hai.”

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📌 Conclusion – Sochne Ki Azadi Sabse Bada Haq Hai

Chahe Political theory ho, ya religious belief, ya kisi ka opinion –

Liberty of Thought sabka birthright hai.

Karl Popper, Bertrand Russell, Walter Kolarz — sabne isi baat ko repeat kiya:

“Jahan Open Society hogi, wahan real democracy hogi. Jahan sirf ek thought allowed hai, wahan dictatorship hi hai.”